Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market – Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented by Disease Type (Active TB, Latent TB, Others), by Diagnosis and Treatment (Diagnosis (Blood Tests, Imaging Tests, Sputum Tests, Others), Treatment (First Line of Drugs, Second Line of Drugs, others), others), by End User (Hospitals, Specialty Clinics, Homecare, others), by region, and Competition 2018-2028

Market Overview

Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has valued at USD 1320.50 million in 2022 and is anticipated to witness an impressive growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 5.90% through 2028. Anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapeutics refer to the medications and treatment strategies used to manage and cure tuberculosis, a bacterial infection primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is a contagious disease that primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other organs and systems in the body. Effective anti-TB therapeutics are essential for controlling the spread of TB and preventing its complications. Standard treatment regimens for drug-susceptible TB typically involve a combination of first-line drugs taken daily for six to nine months. This duration may vary based on factors like the severity of the disease and the patient's response to treatment. Treatment for drug-resistant TB is more complex and may involve second-line drugs. Regimens can last for 18 to 24 months or longer, and the specific drugs used depend on the resistance pattern of the TB bacteria. Patients receiving anti-TB treatment are regularly monitored to assess their response to treatment and to detect any adverse effects. Monitoring includes clinical evaluations, laboratory tests, and radiological examinations.

The emergence of drug-resistant TB strains, such as multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), has driven the development of new and more effective anti-TB drugs. Advances in TB diagnostics, such as GeneXpert systems and rapid molecular tests, have led to earlier and more accurate TB diagnosis, driving the need for effective therapeutics. Pharmaceutical companies and healthcare providers have expanded their presence in high-burden regions, increasing access to anti-TB therapeutics. The global concern over antibiotic resistance has highlighted the importance of effective TB treatment, as TB is a bacterial infection that can become resistant to antibiotics. Regulatory agencies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) play a role in drug approvals and can influence the market by expediting or supporting new anti-TB drug development.

Key Market Drivers

Emergence of Drug-Resistant TB Strains

Drug-resistant TB occurs when the bacterium that causes TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, becomes resistant to one or more of the drugs commonly used to treat the disease. Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB) is defined as resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin, which are the two most potent first-line anti-TB drugs. MDR-TB is more challenging to treat than drug-susceptible TB because it requires a longer duration of treatment with second-line drugs, which are less effective and often have more side effects. Extensively Drug-Resistant TB (XDR-TB) is a more severe form of drug resistance and is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampin (MDR-TB) plus resistance to any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin). XDR-TB is even more challenging to treat and often requires highly toxic medications with limited efficacy.

One of the primary factors driving drug resistance is the incomplete or inadequate treatment of TB. When patients do not complete the full course of their prescribed TB medications or when the drugs are not administered correctly, it creates conditions that allow the TB bacteria to develop resistance to the drugs. The inappropriate use of antibiotics, including the use of TB drugs for non-TB infections or the use of low-quality or substandard medications, can contribute to drug resistance. Patients may fail to adhere to their TB treatment regimens for various reasons, such as experiencing side effects, stigma associated with TB, or challenges with accessing healthcare services. Non-adherence can result in treatment failure and drug resistance. Drug-resistant TB strains can be transmitted from person to person. Close contact with an individual infected with a drug-resistant strain can lead to new cases of drug-resistant TB. Poor infection control measures in healthcare settings can facilitate the spread of drug-resistant TB strains, particularly in hospitals and clinics. In some regions, there may be limited access to second-line anti-TB drugs or diagnostic tools to detect drug resistance. This can delay the identification and appropriate treatment of drug-resistant cases. Individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those living with HIV, are at higher risk of developing drug-resistant TB due to their reduced ability to fight off the infection. This factor will help in the development of the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market.

Increasing Antibiotic Resistance Concerns

 Antibiotic resistance concerns are particularly relevant in the context of drug-resistant TB. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that can develop resistance to the antibiotics used to treat it. This resistance can occur when TB bacteria are exposed to anti-TB drugs, and some of them mutate or acquire resistance mechanisms. The emergence of drug-resistant TB strains, such as multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), has become a serious global health challenge. Drug-resistant TB is more difficult and expensive to treat than drug-susceptible TB. It often requires the use of second line and third-line drugs, which are less effective, more toxic, and more expensive than first-line drugs. The treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB are also longer, lasting for up to two years or more. This complexity and the associated challenges in treating drug-resistant TB drive the demand for anti-TB therapeutics. The rise of drug-resistant TB strains has created an urgent need for new and more effective anti-TB drugs. Traditional first-line TB drugs are no longer effective against some strains, necessitating the development of novel treatment options. Pharmaceutical companies, researchers, and public health organizations are investing in the discovery and development of new drugs to combat drug-resistant TB.

Antibiotic resistance concerns have spurred increased research and development efforts in the field of TB therapeutics. Researchers are exploring new drug candidates, combination therapies, and treatment regimens to address drug-resistant TB effectively. Drug-resistant TB is not limited to specific regions or countries; it is a global health threat. The spread of drug-resistant TB strains across borders and the potential for outbreaks pose a risk to public health worldwide. This recognition of the global impact of drug-resistant TB has led to heightened efforts to combat it. The concern over antibiotic resistance has also led to innovations in TB diagnostics. Rapid molecular tests and genotyping techniques can help identify drug-resistant TB strains more quickly, allowing for the timely adjustment of treatment regimens. Antibiotic resistance concerns have prompted policy changes and advocacy efforts aimed at strengthening TB control programs, improving treatment adherence, and promoting the responsible use of TB drugs to minimize the development of resistance. This factor will pace up the demand of the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market.

Technological Advancements

GeneXpert is a rapid molecular diagnostic tool that can detect TB and drug-resistant TB within hours. It has revolutionized TB diagnosis by providing accurate and quick results, allowing for faster initiation of appropriate treatment. Line probe assays, such as the GenoType MTBDRplus assay, are used to detect drug resistance in TB strains. They provide information about resistance to key anti-TB drugs, helping clinicians tailor treatment regimens. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) allows researchers to analyze the entire genetic makeup of TB bacteria. This technology helps in understanding TB transmission patterns, identifying drug resistance mutations, and developing targeted therapies. Advanced pharmacokinetic modeling tools help optimize dosing regimens for anti-TB drugs. These models consider factors like drug concentrations, patient characteristics, and drug interactions to ensure effective treatment. Automated high-throughput screening assays enable the rapid testing of thousands of chemical compounds to identify potential anti-TB drug candidates. Computational techniques, including molecular modeling and docking studies, aid in the design of new anti-TB drugs by predicting their interactions with TB proteins. Fragment-Based Drug Discovery involves the screening of small, low-molecular-weight compounds as potential starting points for drug development. It has been used to discover novel anti-TB compounds.

Technological advances have facilitated the development of new TB vaccine candidates. Recombinant DNA technology and novel adjuvants are being used to create more effective vaccines for TB prevention. Advances in drug delivery technologies have led to the development of novel drug formulations, such as nanoparticles and microparticles, to enhance drug delivery and improve treatment outcomes. Understanding how an individual's genetic makeup affects their response to TB drugs is crucial. Pharmacogenomic studies help personalize treatment regimens to maximize effectiveness and minimize side effects. Telemedicine and mHealth technologies enable healthcare providers to remotely monitor TB patients, ensure treatment adherence, and provide support, especially in resource-constrained settings. AI and machine learning algorithms are used for data analysis, drug discovery, and predicting drug resistance. They can help identify patterns in large datasets and optimize treatment strategies. Advances in point-of-care testing devices make it possible to perform TB diagnosis and drug resistance testing in decentralized healthcare settings, improving access to care. Mobile apps and SMS-based reminders are being used to enhance patient adherence to TB treatment regimens. These technologies help patients stay on track with their medications. Biotechnological approaches, such as the production of recombinant proteins, are used to develop new diagnostic assays and potential therapeutic agents for TB. This factor will accelerate the demand of the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market.

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Key Market Challenges

Stigma and Social Determinants

TB has historically carried a social stigma due to its contagious nature. People with TB may face discrimination and social isolation, which can discourage them from seeking diagnosis and treatment. Individuals diagnosed with TB may internalize societal stigma, leading to feelings of shame and guilt. This self-stigma can negatively affect mental health and willingness to adhere to treatment. Stigma can lead to delays in seeking diagnosis and treatment. Individuals may avoid healthcare facilities out of fear of being stigmatized, leading to delayed diagnosis and worsening of their condition. Stigmatized individuals may be less likely to adhere to their TB treatment regimens, which can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant TB strains. Social determinants such as poverty, homelessness, and limited access to healthcare are often linked to a higher risk of TB. Vulnerable populations face increased challenges in accessing diagnosis and treatment, exacerbating the impact of stigma. TB-HIV co-infected individuals often face compounded stigma and discrimination. Managing both diseases require specialized care and support. Reducing TB-related stigma requires education and awareness campaigns that address misconceptions and promote empathy and understanding. These initiatives are essential but require resources and sustained efforts.

Access to Medications

In some regions, there may be limited availability of essential anti-TB medications, particularly in rural or remote areas. This can result from challenges in drug procurement, distribution, and supply chain management. The cost of anti-TB medications can be a significant barrier to access, particularly for individuals and communities with limited financial resources. Even when medications are available, high prices can prevent people from obtaining them. Weak healthcare systems, particularly in low-resource settings, can struggle to provide consistent access to TB medications. This includes shortages of healthcare personnel, diagnostic tools, and medications. Stockouts and interruptions in the supply of anti-TB medications can disrupt treatment regimens and lead to treatment failure and the development of drug resistance. There may be a lack of child-friendly formulations of anti-TB medications, making it challenging to treat pediatric TB cases effectively. Governments and healthcare organizations may face difficulties in procuring anti-TB medications at affordable prices due to complex procurement processes and international trade regulations. B patients often incur additional costs related to transportation to healthcare facilities, lost wages due to illness, and other indirect expenses. These costs can discourage individuals from seeking care and completing treatment.

Key Market Trends

Treatment Regimen Simplification

Traditional TB treatment regimens often involve multiple pills taken daily for several months. Simplified regimens aim to reduce the number of pills, making it easier for patients to adhere to their treatment plans. Fixed-Dose Combinations (FDCs) combine multiple anti-TB drugs into a single tablet, reducing the complexity of treatment. This approach simplifies dosing schedules and enhances patient adherence. Efforts are underway to develop shorter-duration treatment regimens for TB. For example, some clinical trials have explored the feasibility of shorter treatment courses, such as the 4-month regimen for rifampin-sensitive TB. Simplified regimens may involve fewer clinic visits for drug administration or monitoring. This is particularly important for patients who face challenges in accessing healthcare facilities. Integrating TB treatment with other healthcare services, such as HIV care, maternal and child health, and non-communicable disease management, can simplify care for patients with multiple health needs. Developing pediatric-friendly formulations of anti-TB drugs, including child-appropriate FDCs and liquid formulations, simplifies treatment for children with TB. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies and digital tools can provide treatment reminders, track medication adherence, and support patients in adhering to their treatment regimens. Community health workers and TB treatment supporters can play a crucial role in simplifying treatment by delivering medications to patients in their communities and providing support. Improved diagnostics, such as molecular tests that rapidly detect TB and drug resistance, contribute to more precise treatment decisions and regimens.

Segmental Insights

Type Insights

In 2022, the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market largest share was held by Active TB segment and is predicted to continue expanding over the coming years. Active TB represents the most immediate and pressing public health concern among all forms of TB. It is the stage at which individuals exhibit symptoms of TB and are most likely to transmit the disease to others. Therefore, many resources and efforts in TB control are directed towards diagnosing and treating active TB cases. Active TB is the stage of the disease where individuals experience symptoms such as persistent cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Without timely and appropriate treatment, active TB can be life-threatening. Individuals with active TB are highly infectious, especially when they have pulmonary TB (TB in the lungs). Effective treatment reduces the risk of transmission to close contacts, making it a priority for public health interventions. Diagnostic efforts are primarily aimed at identifying individuals with active TB to initiate treatment promptly. Accurate and rapid diagnostic tools are essential for identifying active TB cases.

Application Insights

In 2022, the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market largest share was held by Isoniazid segment and is predicted to continue expanding over the coming years.  Isoniazid is one of the essential first-line drugs used in the treatment of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant forms of TB. It is a core component of the standard regimen for TB treatment recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Isoniazid is highly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB. When used in combination with other TB drugs, it helps kill or suppress the growth of the bacteria, leading to the successful treatment of TB. It is also used for TB preventive therapy, especially in individuals at high risk of developing active TB disease, such as close contacts of TB patients and people living with HIV.

End-User Insights

In 2022, the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market largest share was held by Hospital segment in the forecast period and is predicted to continue expanding over the coming years.  Hospitals are often the primary healthcare facilities where patients with more severe or complicated cases of tuberculosis (TB) receive treatment. Inpatient care is crucial for patients with drug-resistant TB or those who require close medical supervision, such as those with TB-related complications or co-infections like HIV. Hospitals generally have advanced diagnostic facilities, including radiology departments for chest X-rays and laboratories for sputum and blood tests. Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential for effective TB treatment. Some TB cases, especially those involving drug-resistant strains, require specialized care and expertise that may only be available in hospital settings. Infectious disease specialists and pulmonologists often work in hospitals and are well-equipped to manage TB cases.

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Regional Insights

The North America region dominates the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market in 2022. North America has a strong presence of pharmaceutical companies, research institutions, and healthcare organizations that contribute to the development of new anti-TB drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines. Innovations from North American institutions can have a global impact. The United States has provided funding and support for international TB control programs through organizations like the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These initiatives have helped address TB in high-burden countries. North American governments and non-governmental organizations have been active participants in global health partnerships focused on TB control, such as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria. These partnerships provide funding and technical expertise for TB programs worldwide.

Recent Developments

• In March 2022, as part of its commitment to the Corporate TB Pledge, a joint initiative with the Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India, and United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Johnson & Johnson India announced the launch of a youth-focused, digital-first initiative #BeTheChangeForTB. This initiative supports the Indian Government's goal to end TB. The #BeTheChangeForTB programme targets young people in India since they are most suited to lead the public in changing their behaviours, which would help to dramatically scale-up the battle against tuberculosis. The project will also dispel popular myths about TB and provide the correct information on the diagnosis and treatment of the illness. The initiative's communication and social mobilisation components would involve a variety of online and offline activities, as well as collaboration with state and district health agencies, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP), and local neighbourhoods.
• In September 2021, as part of the three-drug "BPaL" regimen, non-profit medication developer TB Alliance has awarded global pharmaceutical giant Lupin Limited (Lupin) a non-exclusive licence to produce the anti-TB medicine pretomanid. When the lengthy, intricate, decades-old TB drug regimen is administered incorrectly or when TB patients quit taking their medications before the disease has been eliminated from their bodies, drug-resistant TB develops, emphasising the urgent need to create better and more efficient treatment regimens. Like drug-sensitive TB, once a drug-resistant strain has emerged, it can be spread straight from one person to another through the air. Drug-resistant tuberculosis affects more than 500,000 people yearly, and its expansion makes it difficult to contain the epidemic.

Key Market Players

• AstraZeneca Plc.
• Johnson & Johnson Private Limited
• Eli Lilly and Company
• F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
• Mylan N.V.
• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• Sanofi SA
• Novartis AG
• Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• Merck & Co., Inc.

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

•     Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, By Disease Type:

o   Active TB

o   Latent TB

o   Others

•   Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, By Diagnostic and Treatment:

o   Diagnosis

§  Blood Tests

§  Imaging Tests

§  Sputum Tests

§  Others

o   Treatment

§  First Line of Drug

Ø  Isoniazid

Ø  Ethambutol

Ø  Rifampin

Ø  Others

§  Second Line of Drugs

Ø  Thiacetazone

Ø  Paraaminosalicyclic Acid (PAS)

Ø  Others

§  Others

o   Others

•     Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, By End-User:

o   Hospitals

o   Specialty Clinics

o   Homecare

o   Others

• Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, By region:

o   North America

§  United States

§  Canada

§  Mexico

o   Asia-Pacific

§  China

§  India

§  South Korea

§  Australia

§  Japan

o   Europe

§  Germany

§  France

§  United Kingdom

§  Spain

§  Italy

o   South America

§  Brazil

§  Argentina

§  Colombia

o   Middle East & Africa

§  South Africa

§  Saudi Arabia

§  UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Anti-Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).