Japan: Japanese companies Idemitsu Kosan Co. (Idemitsu) and Toyota Motor Corporation have recently joined forces to advance the development and mass production of solid electrolytes for solid-state batteries, a critical component of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). This strategic collaboration aims to enhance the production technology, improve efficiency, and establish a robust supply chain, ultimately leading to the widespread adoption of solid-state batteries in the automotive industry. The primary focus of this partnership lies in the development of sulfide solid electrolytes, which are considered highly promising for achieving increased capacity and power output in BEVs. Sulfide solid electrolytes possess advantageous characteristics, such as softness and adhesiveness to other materials, making them ideal for mass production of batteries. This collaborative endeavor is divided into three distinct phases:

Phase 1: Development of Sulfide Solid Electrolytes and Pilot Facility Preparation

In this initial phase, both Idemitsu and Toyota will leverage their respective technical expertise to enhance the quality, cost-effectiveness, and lead times of sulfide solid electrolytes. The ultimate goal is to achieve mass-production demonstrations using an Idemitsu pilot facility.

Phase 2: Mass Production Using a Large Pilot Facility

During this stage, Idemitsu will spearhead the manufacture of sulfide solid electrolytes through the construction and operation of a substantial pilot facility. Simultaneously, Toyota will focus on developing solid-state batteries incorporating these electrolytes and their integration into BEVs. The objective is to launch BEVs with solid-state batteries in 2027-28.

Phase 3: Future Full-Scale Mass Production and Commercialization

The final phase involves analyzing the results obtained from Phase 2 and planning for future full-scale mass production and commercialization. The collaborative effort seeks to ensure a smooth transition from pilot facilities to large-scale production.

Idemitsu has been actively developing the production technology of lithium sulfide, an intermediate material crucial for solid electrolytes. They have achieved this by utilizing by-products generated during the petroleum refining process. The company has worked diligently to develop mass production technology for sulfide solid electrolytes, aiming to establish a reliable supply system. Additionally, they are expanding the capacity of their small pilot facility, announced in June 2023, and proceeding with the construction plans for a large pilot facility, announced in April 2022. These actions will contribute significantly to the commercialization of solid-state batteries for BEVs by 2027-28.

Commenting on the recent development, TechSci Research Director Mr. Karan Chechi said, " The adoption and mass production of solid-state batteries for electric vehicles are gaining momentum due to their potential to revolutionize the electric vehicle industry. These batteries offer several key advantages, including higher energy density, increased safety, faster charging, and longer lifespan. As the technology matures and manufacturing processes improve, automakers and consumers are increasingly embracing these batteries as a viable and superior alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries. This shift aligns with the growing emphasis on sustainable and eco-friendly transportation, making solid-state batteries a driving force in the EV market."